Relay



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Oct. 18, 1927.

Oct. 18, 1927.

w. w. scHlLLlNG RELAY 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed NOV. 4, 1925 Inventor: Walter- W Schil lin "llllllllllllllllllllllLllllllll g His AttowN negl- Patented` Oct. 18, 1927.

UNITED STATES WALTER w. sonILLING, or soo'rIA, NEW YoRx, AssIGNoR To GENERAL ELEc'r'Rrc coMrANY, A CORPORATION or NEW YoRx.

RELAY.

Application mea November 4, i925. serial No. 66,982.

My invention relates to improvements in relays and more particularly to improvements in protective relays for controlling electric systems and apparatus in response to abnormal circuit conditions and an object of my invention is to provide a relatively economical and yet very sensitively responsive relay,`the operation of which `is not im' paired by external or stray magnetic fields and which is adapted to function in conformance with a predetermined value or direction of current or voltage or both.

My invention'will be better understood from the following description taken in c011- nection with' the accompanying drawings land Iits scope will be pointed out inthe appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is l a plan view of a relay embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a sectionalviewon the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. '4 is a plan view of a modication embodying my invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line 5--5 of- Fig. 4; and Fig. `6 is a sectional view on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5. v

The .relay shown in- Figs. 1, 2 and 3 comprises a rotatably mounted armature which has two magnetic portions 10 and 11 .and which is arranged to be polarized by an energizing winding 12 around the portion lO. The armature may have lthe shape of an inverted T with.the two portions 10 and 11 relatively xed and substantially perpen dicular and constituting respectivel the stem and the cross of the T, that 1s one.

v portion is substantially perpendicular to the other portion at an intermediate point thereof. A

Cooperatin with lthe armature to control the position t ereof in accordance with the direction of the current in the winding 12 is a magnetic circuit having a plurality of pairs of opposed polar project-ions 13, 14 which are arranged in the path of movement of the armature portion 11. The polarities of each pair of projections, between whichthe ends lof thearmature portion 11 are posii tioned, are definite and unlike and thefprojections may be the poles .of permanent magnets 1'5 or of denitely polarized electromagnets. The magnetic circuit of the armature 10-11 comprises the armature portion 10 from which the circuit divides into two parallel' paths through the halves of the A'plate 28.

armature' portion 11, the permanent magnets 15, magnetic tie members 16 secured to .PATENT OFFICE.

the permanent magnets, a' magnetic top plate 17 secured to the members 16' and a magnetic pole piece or bushing 17.

In order that the sensitivity of the operation of the relay may not beimpaired by external or stray magnetic elds, the armature 10-11, the winding 12, thefpermarient magnets 15 and the magnetic tie members 16 are surrounded by or housed within a magnetic shell comprising the top magnetic plate 17, abottom magnetic plate 18 and side magnetic plates 19 and 20.

These are secured together and to a contact housing base 21 by top and bottom clamping plates 22 and 23 respectively, which may be brass, and bolts 24.

- In order that the position of the armature can be adjusted vertically, there is provided an adjustable bearing comprising a bearing support 25 which is held between the bottom magnetic plate 18 and bottom clamping plate 23 and which carries an ad-p justable bearing member or pivot such as a pointed screw 26. Thefupper end of the armaturel portionlO is pivoted on a pin 27 which is carried by a supporting/plate `28 mounted above and secured tothe contact housing base 21. The plate 28 also serves to support a terminal plate 29 to .one end of which is'secured a terminal'i30 and to the otherend of which is secured one end of an armature biasing means such as a torsion spring 31 which has its otherend secured to a movable contact 32 mounted on theupper end of the armature portion 10. Ade

vJustment of the spring torque may be effected by varying the angularity between the terminal plate 29 and the supporting tween two relatively stationary contacts 33 and 34, lso as'to control two lcircuits in accor/dance with the x position of the arma'- ture.

Referring now vparticularly-to Fig. 3 and assuming that the polarfprojections 13 and- 14 of the permanent magnets are respectively south and north'poles and that'the'vwinding 12l is energized by a direct current' whose direction is such-as to make the ends of the armature portion 11 of north polarity, then the armature 10-11 will be moved from the position shown to a position in which the ends of the armature portion 11 engage the The contact 32 is movable be- V tion. Therefore, the ends of the armature portion 11 will be attracted `by the north polar projections of the permanent magnets 15 and the armature is moved to the position shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. The ends of the armature portion 11 engage the polar projections 14 and contact 32 is moved from engagement with contact 33 to engagement withcontact 34. The spring 31, of course, assists in this movement and may even be initially stressed` enough so that the armature 10-11 will be actuated to move contact 32 from the contact 33 to thecontact 34 on a decrease in current, without reversal, in the coil 12 and vice versa when the current ini' creases suliiciently. to overcome the spring 31. Therefore, if the 4coil 12 is connected in series relation with a circuit, the relay will respond to an increase, decrease or reversal of cur' Figs. 4, 5 and 6'is in general similar to the."

relay shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 but repre'- sents a modification intended for use in connection with alternating current circuits tol respond to an increase or 'decrease in current or voltage. Consequently the permanent magnets are omitted and the armavture 1011 is somewhat modified although the T-shape and the pivot arrangement heretofore described are retained. The upright portion 10 of the armature as shown comprises two. sections of magnetic material, which in order to avoid eddy currents, are rolled in the form of a cylinder and mounted on a center 35. This provides in edect a laminated magnetic structure. Although two 'sections separated by a short section 36 of non-magnetic material to increase -the reluctance are shown, vone long section may be used. j

In this relay, pole "pieces 37 are mounted on the magnetic side plate 19 in the path of movement of the ends of the armature portion 11. The magnetic circuit of the armature 10-11 comprises the armature portion l0 from which the circuit divides into two parallel paths through the halves of the armature portion 11, the poles 37, the magnetic side plates. 19 and 20, the magnetic top plate 17 and the pole piece or bushing 17.

In order to have a definite minimum range between the pick up and drop out values of current'in the winding 12, the poles 37 arel tom plate'18 is non-magnetic in this relay so as to cause the iiuXes to go through the pole pieces 37 to the armature 10-11 instead of directly.

Assuming that there is no current in the winding 12, the armature lO-ll under the bias of the spring 31 will take the position shown in Fig. 6. As `the current in the winding increases up to some predetermined value sufficient to overcome the bias of the spring, the armature will be attracted by the poles 37 and move clockwise, thereby causing contact 32 to leave contact 34 and engage contact 33. Upon a decrease in the current to such a value that the spring 31 again` predominates, the armature 10-11 will be returned to the position shown with .contact 32 engaging contact 34. Therefore if the coil 12 is connected in series relation with a circuit, the relay will respond to an increase or decrease in current and if connected in shunt relation, toV an increase or decrease in voltage.

. While I have shown and described my invention in considerable detail, I do not desire to be limited to the eX'act arrangements shown, but seek to cover in the yappended claims all those modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of my inyention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure "by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. A relay comprising a magnetic circuit having a plurality of pairs of opposed polar projections, the polarities of the projections of each pair being definite and unlike, an armature comprising two magnetic portions substantially .perpendicular to each other, the ends of one portion being positioned between th-e polar projections of respective pairs thereof and the armature being mount- .ed for rotation about the otherl portion, and

an energizing winding around said other portion for polarizing the armature, Athe construction and arrangement of parts being such that when said windin is energized the armature assumes a position relative tol like polar projections of said magnetic circuit in accordance with the direction ofthe current in the winding..

2. 4A relay comprising a magnetic circuit having a plurality of pairs of opposed polar projections, and armature comprising two magnetic portions, one of said portions lbeing positioned between the polar projections ofl respective pairs thereof, and the armature being mounted for rotation about the other portion, and an energizing Winding around said other portion for polarizing the la plurality of in the path of movement of the other ar` armature', the construction ano rrangement of parts being such that when the winding is energized the. .relative to like polar projections of said magnetic circuit in accordance with the direction of the current in' the winding.

3. A relay comprising-a magnetic circuit having 'a plurality of .pairs of opposed polar projections, an armature comprising two magnetic portions substantially perpendicu` lar to each other, one of said. portions being 'positioned' between the respective pairs thereo and theV armature being mounted for rotation about the other portion, an energizing winding for the armature arond said other portion thereof, and a shell of magnetic material surrounding the magnetic circuit, the armature and the winding. v

4. A relay comprising an armature having two magnetic portions, one portion being substantially perpendicular to the other portion at .an intermediate point thereof and said armature being mounted Jr'or rotation about said one portion, an energizing wind- ,ing for said armature -around said one portion thereof, and a magnetici-circuit having polar projections arranged mature portion.-

5. A rela comprising a magnetic circuit having a p urality of polar projections, an

armature having two magnetic portions, one

substantially perpendicular to portion being 7 the other portion at an intermediate point thereof and said other portion being posilrmature assumes a position olar 'projections ofl tioned between said polar projections, said armature being mounted` for movement about said one portion, and an energizing wind- 7. A relay comprising an inverted'4 T- shaped armature rotatable about the axis of the stem of the T, a magnetic circuit comprising a plurality of spaced polar projections arranged in the path of movement of the cross of the T, and an energizing winding for the magnetic circuit and the armature around the stem of the T.

. 8. A relay comprising an armature having two relatively' fixed magnetic portions substantially perpendicular to each other, said armature being mounted for rotation about one of said portions, an energizing windingfor the armaturearound said one portion thereof, a magnetic circuit havin Aa plurality Iof polar projections arrange in the path of movement of the other. armature portion, and a magnetic shell surrounding the magnetic circuit, the armature and the winding.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto s'et my hand this 3d day of November, 1925.

- WALTER W. SCHILLING 

